Genetic Engineering of BT Cotton

Hereditary Engineering of BT Cotton Presentation BT cotton Cotton and other monocultured crops require a concentrated utilization of pesticides as different sorts of vermin assault these harvests causing broad harm. In the course of recent years, numerous bugs have created protection from pesticides. cSo far, the main fruitful way to deal with building crops for creepy crawly resistance has been the expansion of Bt poison, a group of poisons initially got from soil microbes. The Bt poison contained by the Bt crops is the same as other concoction pesticides, yet aims considerably less harm to nature. These poisons are successful against an assortment of financially significant harvest bothers however represent no risk to non-target living beings like well evolved creatures and fish. Three Bt crops are currently financially accessible: corn, cotton, and potato. Starting at now, cotton is the most well known of the Bt crops: it was planted on about 1.8 million sections of land (728437 ha) in 1996 and 1997. The Bt quality was secluded and moved from a bacterium bacillus thurigiensis to American cotton. The American cotton was consequently crossed with Indian cotton to bring the quality into local assortments. The Bt cotton assortment contains an outside quality got from bacillus thuringiensis. This bacterial quality, brought hereditarily into the cotton seeds, shields the plants from bollworm (A. lepidoptora), a significant irritation of cotton. The worm benefiting from the leaves of a BT cotton plant gets lazy and tired, in this manner making less harm the plant Cotton is a delicate, staple fiber that develops around the seeds of the cotton plant, a bush local to tropical and subtropical districts far and wide, including the Americas, India and Africa. The fiber regularly is spun into yarn or string and used to make a delicate, breathable material, which is the most broadly utilized normal fiber fabric in apparel today. It is a characteristic fiber. The English name, which started to be utilized around 1400, gets from the Arabic importance cotton. In the nineteenth and mid twentieth hundreds of years, In the Southern United States, cotton was known as King Cotton in view of the extraordinary monetary and social impact it had there. Cotton has been spun, woven, and colored since ancient occasions. It dressed the individuals of old India, Egypt, and China. Several years prior to the Christian period cotton materials were woven in India with inimitable ability, and their utilization spread to the Mediterranean nations. In the first penny. Middle Easterner merchants carried fine muslin and calico to Italy and Spain. The Moors brought the development of cotton into Spain in the ninth penny. Fustians and dimities were woven there and in the fourteenth penny. in Venice and Milan, from the start with a material twist. Little cotton material was imported to England before the fifteenth penny., albeit limited quantities were gotten mostly for candlewicks. By the seventeenth penny. the East India Company was bringing uncommon textures from India. Local Americans capably spun and wove cotton into fine articles of clothing and colored woven artworks. Cotton textures found in Peruvian burial places are said to have a place w ith a pre-Inca culture. In shading and surface the antiquated Peruvian and Mexican materials look like those found in Egyptian burial chambers. Field preliminaries have n that ranchers who became the Bt assortment acquired 25%-75% more cotton than the individuals who developed the ordinary assortment. Additionally, Bt cotton requires just two showers of concoction pesticide against eight splashes for typical assortment. As indicated by the executive general of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, India utilizes about portion of its pesticides on cotton to battle the bollworm danger. Natural cotton Natural cotton will be cotton that is developed without bug spray or pesticide. Around the world, cotton is a pesticide-escalated crop, utilizing roughly 25% of the universes bug sprays and 10% of the universes pesticides.Organic horticulture utilizes techniques that are natural, affordable, and socially supportable and precludes the utilization from securing agrochemicals and fake composts. Rather, natural horticulture utilizes crop pivot, the developing of unexpected harvests in comparison to cotton in elective years. The utilization of bug sprays is restricted; natural agribusiness utilizes regular adversaries to smother unsafe bugs. The creation of natural cotton is more costly than the creation of ordinary cotton. Albeit poisonous contamination from manufactured synthetic concoctions is wiped out, other contamination like issues may remain, especially run-off. Natural cotton is delivered in natural rural frameworks that produce food and fiber as indicated by unmistakably settled gauges. Natural horticulture restricts the utilization of poisonous and tenacious synthetic pesticides and manures, just as hereditarily changed living beings. It looks to manufacture naturally assorted rural frameworks, recharge and keep up soil richness, and advance a sound domain. Bacillus thuringiensis Bacillus thuringiensis is a Gram-positive, soil-abiding bacterium of the family Bacillus. Moreover, B. thuringiensis likewise happens normally in the gut of caterpillars of different sorts of moths and butterflies, just as on the dim surface of plants.[1] B. thuringiensis was found 1901 in Japan by Ishiwata and 1911 in Germany by Ernst Berliner, who found an illness called Schlaffsucht in flour moth caterpillars. B. thuringiensis is firmly identified with B. cereus, a dirt bacterium, and B. anthracis, the reason for Bacillus anthracis: the three living beings vary for the most part in their plasmids. Like different individuals from the variety, each of the three are aerobes equipped for creating endospores.[1] Upon sporulation, B. thuringiensis structures gems of proteinaceous insecticidal Þâ'- endotoxins (Cry poisons) which are encoded by cry genes.[2] Cry poisons have explicit exercises against types of the requests Lepidoptera (Moths and Butterflies), Diptera (Flies and Mosquitoes) and Coleoptera (Beetles). Accordingly, B. thuringiensis fills in as a significant supply of Cry poisons and cry qualities for creation of natural bug sprays and creepy crawly safe hereditarily adjusted yields. At the point when bugs ingest poison gems the antacid pH of their stomach related tract makes the poison become initiated. It becomes embedded into the creepy crawlies gut cell layers shaping a pore bringing about growing, cell lysis and in the long run executing the bug. Hereditarily changed cotton Hereditarily changed (GM) cotton was created to decrease the overwhelming dependence on pesticides. The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis normally creates a synthetic hurtful just to a little part of creepy crawlies, most eminently the hatchlings of moths and butterflies, insects, and flies, and innocuous to different types of life. The quality coding for BT poison has been embedded into cotton, making cotton produce this regular bug spray in its tissues. In numerous areas the principle bugs in business cotton are lepidopteran hatchlings, which are executed by the BT protein in the transgenic cotton that they eat. This disposes of the need to utilize a lot of wide range bug sprays to execute lepidopteran bugs (some of which have created pyrethroid obstruction). This extras normal bug predators in the homestead nature and further adds to non-bug spray bother the executives. BT cotton is incapable against many cotton bothers, in any case, for example, plant bugs, smell bugs, aphids, and so on.; contingent upon conditions it might even now be attractive to utilize bug sprays against these. Hereditarily changed cotton is broadly utilized all through the world. In any case, analysts have as of late distributed the principal archived instance of in-field bother protection from GM cotton. The International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA) said that, around the world, GM cotton was planted on a zone of 67,000 kmâ ² in 2002. This is 20% of the overall complete zone planted in cotton. The U.S. cotton crop was 73% GM in 2003. Cotton has gossypol, a poison that makes it unpalatable. Notwithstanding, researchers have hushed the quality that delivers the poison, making it a potential food crop. Employments Spores and crystalline insecticidal proteins delivered by B. thuringiensis are utilized as explicit bug sprays under exchange names, for example, Dipel and Thuricide. Due to their explicitness, these pesticides are viewed as earth agreeable, with practically no impact on people, untamed life, pollinators, and most other advantageous creepy crawlies. The Belgian organization Plant Genetic Systems was the main organization (in 1985) to grow hereditarily built (tobacco) plants with creepy crawly resistance by communicating cry qualities from B. thuringiensis. B. thurigiensis-based bug sprays are frequently applied as fluid splashes on crop plants, where the bug spray must be ingested to be viable. It is imagined that the solubilized poisons structure pores in the midgut epithelium of defenseless hatchlings. Ongoing examination has proposed that the midgut microscopic organisms of vulnerable hatchlings are required for B. thuringiensis insecticidal action. Hereditary designing for bother control Bt crops (in corn and cotton) were planted on 281,500 kmâ ² in 2006 (165,600 kmâ ² of Bt corn and 115900 kmâ ² of Bt cotton). This was comparable to 11.1% and 33.6% individually of worldwide plantings of corn and cotton in 2006.] Claims of significant advantages to ranchers, remembering helpless ranchers for creating nations, have been made by backers of the innovation, and have been tested by rivals. The assignment of secluding effects of the innovation is confounded by the pervasiveness of one-sided onlookers, and by the uncommonness of controlled correlations, (for example, indistinguishable seeds, varying just in the nearness or nonattendance of the Bt attribute, being developed in indistinguishable circumstances). The primary Bt crop being developed by little ranchers in creating nations is cotton, and an ongoing comprehensive audit of discoveries on Bt cotton by regarded and unprejudiced agrarian business analysts inferred that the general accounting report, however encourag ing, is blended. Financial returns are exceptionally factor over years, ranch type, and geological area Points of interest There are a few points of interest in communicating Bt poisons in transgenic Bt crops: The degree of toxi

Gastornis (Diatryma) - Facts and Figures

Risk and Effective Practice free essay sample

Prologue to powerful practice and hazard the executives Effective practice standards This task will clarify three compelling practice standards: cancer-causing need, software engineer trustworthiness and responsively, followed with a short case of how it is utilized in my expert practice. Cancer-causing Need The cancer-causing need guideline includes the fundamental thought of distinguishing key powerful hazard factors identified with culpable conduct (Chapman Hough 1998, Winston Heath 2010, for example, joblessness or tranquilize reliance, and afterward actualizing avoidance techniques intended to check them (Barrington, 2002: 60). This thought is at the center of rehabilitative practice (Burnett Roberts, 2004), on the off chance that the professional surveys the cancer-causing needs and gives mediation to suit, at that point danger of further culpable ought to be diminished (Memorizing, 2004). This need is to distinguish what is expected to lessen the culpable Programmer demonstrated on the What Works worldview depend on the need standard. It is imperative to have the option to recognize cancer-causing and non cancer-causing needs, I. We will compose a custom article test on Hazard and Effective Practice or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page E. N people issue that supports or add to culpable to those all the more remotely related or random to it. (McGuire, 1995:15). Developer which target cancer-causing needs and practices identified with culpable are bound to be compelling (Chapman Hough, 1998: 8). This supports take a shot at culpable conduct, anyway tending to non-cancer-causing needs may give some profit to the wrongdoer, but since the necessities are not identified with the probability of criminal conduct it is less inclined to lessen recidivism (Warren Crime and Justice Institute, 2007:31). Chug (2003:63) refers to Day and Howell (2002:41) as likewise contending that guilty party restoration should concentrate on cancer-causing [dynamic hazard factors as opposed to static non cancer-causing needs such s confidence, nervousness, sadness and mental trouble. Anyway these variables can have some effect on re-culpable as they can be connected, for instance picking up business may dispose of sorrow, or re-affronting. (Chug, 2003:63) A case model is when conveying reports for the Courts. It is basic that cancer-causing needs of a guilty party is distinguished and tended to in the report as condemning choices and sentence plans will be founded on this appraisal. The given proposition ought to exhibit on how best to address the people cancer-causing needs to lessen re-irritating. Mr. XV was a youthful single man who had a past filled with rapacious sort insulting. Mr. XV conceded at the meeting for the report that he has been utilizing cannabis for as far back as 7 years; he had no cash to purchase cannabis and chose to shoplift to subsidize his propensity. As I have to deliver factors contributing legitimately to criminal conduct (Stanley, 2009:154) I mentioned a DIR appraisal and he was discovered appropriate for a low level DIR. After the meeting with Mr. XV I finished the OKAYS appraisal which gives clinical and actuarial scores to educate my sentence proposition in the report. My proposition needed to show that the intercession would viably address his cancer-causing need (Chapman Hough, 1998:15). I proposed a year Community Order with a multi month DIR to focus on his substance abuse and a year oversight to address his genius criminal perspectives and convictions. This standard is tied in with conveying a developer as proposed, (Howling, 1995; Rayon 2002:1186) and focusing on whether software engineer are being conveyed as expected is a significant element of the what works worldview. Wailing (1995:196) reveals that uprightness basically meaner that a software engineer is directed by and by as expected in principle and structure. Respectability places accentuation on quality, practice and research to check whether we are doing what we are decided to do (Howling, 1995:203) and whether we are having the ideal impact. Hellions has distinguished in any event three dangers to developer uprightness, which is software engineer float where the point of the developer shifts, inversion whereby staff work to invert and subvert oneself methodology and resistance to the software engineer, when staff preclude or change some portion of the developer. To limit these dangers he underscored the significance of observing and estimating trustworthiness. This would be accomplished through procedures set up which ay regard for a few zones (Howling, 1995: 199), for instance to have completely prepared staff conveying software engineer (Winston Heath, 2010: chap 5), perception through talented onlookers or live recorded meetings, input through assessment structures and the utilization of treatment manuals. As per Howling (1995: 207) with elevated levels of software engineer uprightness, developer have a more prominent possibility of achievement. Chapman and Hough have viewed this standard as a fundamental component of powerful practice (1998:18). The degree of uprightness is a significant measure that is utilized in investigate as a variable in deciding results. This features the significance of value confirmation to powerful practice, which must be surveyed through close observing and assessment. (Chug 2003: 63) A case model from my own training is on Ms CM. She was condemned to a solitary prerequisite of organized management for ladies (SSW). This case was apportioned to me as my chief knows that I have gone to the multi day instructional class, and completely prepared to convey the software engineer. At the point when I initially met with Ms CM I unmistakably clarified the SSW goals, and the structure of the meetings that will be conveyed. I likewise educated her that on meeting 7 regarding the 12 meeting aerogram my mentor would go along with us in the meeting to watch me conveying the software engineer. During meeting 3 Ms CM inquired as to whether she could be given the remainder of the developer worksheets to bring home and complete, so she can complete her SSW rapidly. I disclosed to her that she can't and disclosed why we needed to stick to the structure and conveyance to guarantee there was no float. I gave her assignments to embrace at home which she effectively finished and I guaranteed that every meeting started with a survey of the past meeting, this permitted her to give criticism so I could react to any worries raised. This permitted the Programmer to be conveyed as arranged utilizing suitable strategies by talented staff and be appropriately observed and assessed (Memorizing Stanley, 2009: 441) Responsively The responsively standard depicts how the treatment or mediation ought to be given (Bona Andrews, 2007). Numerous guilty parties cease from wrongdoing when they feel somebody has confidence in them (Rexes, 1999) and that they are seen as equipped for changing and have something helpful to offer society (McNeill et al, 2005). Bona (1996) brings up that a guilty parties appraisal, communication and recovery can be affected by their responsively, which can be impacted by ideographic and monotheistic variables. Ideographic significance a wrongdoers confidence, inspiration and qualities, proficient connections and software engineer conveyance (Golf and Davis, 2004). With the end goal for guilty parties to stop from wrongdoing, proof proposes that the connection between the wrongdoer and the individual overseeing them plays a significant component in their recovery (Trotter, 2000; Burnett and Rogers, 2004). The Supervising official training style ought to be receptive to guilty parties learning styles and contemplate different elements, for instance the sexual orientation, financial status, and psychological instability when working with people. The more dynamic participatory strategies for working are superior to unstructured and instructive ones. Chug, 2003:63) It is perceived that there are two kinds of responsively inside the what works worldview, the general responsively and explicit responsively. The general matches the learning styles, inspirations and aptitudes, utilizing subjective social learning strategies to impact conduct. The particular responsively is tied in with adjusting to contrast and assorted variety issues among members, it is the calibrating of the subjective conduct mediation. Bona Andrews, 2007:1; Winston Heath, 2010: chap 5) all in all, responsively factors are not treatment targets, they are about individual characteristics that can influence the accomplishment of treatment objectives and how they are conveyed. Andrews (1995:43) found that some relationally and subjectively juvenile customers require organized administrations, maybe for instance when working with adolescents, and a mental develop customer may react to a suggestive style of administration and restless customers may react inadequately to fierce administrations. A case of how this rule is applied in my training is in inclination to Ms INK. This case was apportioned from her sentence; she got a Community request with organized management for ladies (SSW). Ms INK was a single parent of three small kids. From her underlying arrangement it turned out to be certain that I would should be receptive to her assorted variety needs (Winston Heath, 2010: chap 5). I would bring to the table a level of adaptability on any future arrangements as they expected to work around kid care responsibilities.

Film Close Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Film Close Analysis - Essay Example The following clasp is additionally altered. 4 seconds Camera closeup of Douzi’s mother, Douzi is remaining in the edge as well yet his picture is obscured. His mom will not raise him at the house of ill-repute. She is crying and making sniffing sounds. At that point she grins and attempted to wheedle him. 5 seconds Since quite a while ago shot of each of the three characters, Douzi’s mother plunks down on her knees. Guan is situated far right of the casing over the table. He rises so his back is to the camera and requests that her leave. 2 seconds. Camera takes a nearby of Douzi and his mom. There is a noisy clicking sound of the honing edges out of sight. She covers his face with a scarf. Douzi discloses to her he can’t feel his hands they are so cold. 4 seconds Camera shows a medium shot of Douzi bowed on a seat with this mother on the contrary side holding a blade. There is an uproarious clicking sound of a butcher’s blade. Douzi shudders a few times and afterward evacuates the scarf. He sees his executed hand. 5 seconds Medium shot of entryways blasting open as Douzi’s mother surges in conveying him. She has blood all over, both are shouting and crying as she conveys him. The camera stays center around them as they move over the school. Different understudies surge after her. 3 seconds Next is a clasp from a similar room where they were holding a gathering with Guan. Douzi has gotten away from his mother’s handle and is covering up under the table. He runs when she attempts to go after him. The camera shows a since a long time ago shot of Douzi bouncing across steps and running into the veranda of the school. Different young men tail him. Young men attempt to snatch him as Douzi runs. The at long last catch him. Boisterous music plays. In this scene the character Douzi is presented in the film, already he was a by-stander to a road execution. Starting now and into the foreseeable future Douzi’s take up the principle job in the film. In this scene, Xiao Douzi is taken to an Opera school by his mom. The instructor Master Guan detects his unnecessary finger and will not concede him as his understudy. His

Herman Melville (1689 words) Essay Example For Students

Herman Melville (1689 words) Essay Herman MelvilleHerman Melville: An enemy of visionary or notMelville, Herman (1819-91), American author, a significant scholarly figure whose investigation of mental and supernatural topics foreshadowed twentieth century abstract concerns however whose works stayed in lack of clarity until the 1920s, when his virtuoso was at long last perceived. Melville was brought into the world August 1, 1819, in New York City, into a family that had declined on the planet. ?The Gansevoorts were strong, steady, famous, prosperous individuals; the (Hermans Fathers side) Melvilles were to some degree less effective substantially, having an unusual. flighty, inconsistent strain.? (Edinger 6). This distinction between the Melvilles and Gansevoorts was the start of the difficulty for the Melville family. Hermans mother attempted to stir her way up the social stepping stool by moving into greater and better homes. While acquiring cash from the bank, her better half was spending more than he was procuring. ?It is my decision that Maria Melville never dedicated herself sincerely to her better half, yet remained fundamentally connected to the wealthy Gansevoort family.? (Humford 23) Allan Melville was additionally connected monetarily to the Gansevoorts for help. There is a great deal of proof concerning Melvilles connection to his mom Maria Melville. ?Clearly the more seasoned child Gansevoort who conveyed the moms original last name was unmistakably her top choice.? (Edinger 7) This was a feeling of estrangement the Herman Melville felt from his mom. This was one of the primary symbolists to the Biblical Ishamel. In 1837 he transported to Liverpool as a lodge kid. After coming back to the U.S. he encouraged school and afterward cruised for the South Seas in 1841 on the whaler Acushnet. Following a multi month journey he abandoned the boat in the Marquesas Islands and with a buddy lived for a month among the locals, who were savages. He got away on board an Australian merchant, leaving it at Papeete, Tahiti, where he was detained incidentally. He functioned as a field worker and afterward dispatched to Honolulu, Hawaii, where in 1843 he enrolled as a sailor on the U.S. Naval force frigate United States. After his release in 1844 he started to make books out of his encounters and to partake in the artistic existence of Boston and New York City. Melvilles initial five books all accomplished fast fame. Typee: A Peep at Polynesian Life (1846), Omoo, a Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas (1847), and Mardi (1849) were sentiments of the South Sea islands. Redburn, His First Voyage (1849) depended on his own first excursion to the ocean, and White-Jacket, or the World in a Man-of-War (1850) fictionalized his encounters in the naval force. In 1850 Melville moved to a ranch close to Pittsfield, Massachusetts, where he turned into a private companion of Nathaniel Hawthorne, to whom he devoted his artful culmination Moby-Dick; or The White Whale (1851). The focal topic of the novel is the contention between Captain Ahab, ace of the whaler Pequod, and Moby-Dick, an extraordinary white whale that once detached one of Ahabs legs at the knee. Ahab is committed to vindicate; he drives himself and his team, which incorporates Ishmael, storyteller of the story, over the oceans in an edgy quest for his foe. The body of the book is written in a completely unique, ground-breaking story style, which, in specific segments of the work, Melville fluctuated with incredible achievement. The most noteworthy of these segments are the logically heavenly lesson conveyed before cruising and the discourses of the mates; long ?pads,? sections passing on nonnarrative material, for the most part of a specialized sort, for example, the part about whales; and the more simply fancy entries, for example, the story of the Tally-Ho, which can remain without anyone else as short accounts of legitimacy. The work is contributed with Ishmaels feeling of significant miracle at his story, however regardless passes on full mindfulness that Ahabs mission can have yet one end. Thus it ends up being: Moby-Dick annihilates the Pequod and all its team spare Ishmael. There is a sure dash of the otherworldly being anticipated in the works of Melville, as is sufficiently clear in Moby Dick. Epitome Essay Melville was covetous of hitting the correct line with the perusers and his crowd. He needed to have the option to catch the consideration of his crowd and leave an effect on their psyches, with the goal that the story would be recollected long after it had been perused. With Moby Dick, he utilized the integral asset of innovative dream to catch the consideration of his perusers. The story fused the remarkable, activity, experience, retribution, tension. ..actually every fixing important for business achievement. However, it didnt end up being so. The book is refreshing not as a great work and Melville has gotten considerably more acclaim in the here and now outline. In Scrivener, he drew an image of a man fundamentally the same as himself. A man tired of working, at last decreases quickly to arrive at his death. Be that as it may, in Herman Melvilles Benito Cereno uncovers the creators disturb with Emersonian introspective philosophy through the self-daydreams of the hero. Cereno exemplifies nature, considering it to be a big-hearted power that demonstrations purposely to benefit humankind. Melville makes it evident that such optimism offers no commonsense use in a world that is as much underhanded as great, and will probably be a weight. Cereno is Melvilles most grounded case of his doubts for the American optimist. In this one case through his demeanor of nauseate towards the dreamers and their vision, he has depicted the picture of an in-your-face romantic who is changed over to a pragmatist through the encounters that he experiences. This likewise drew on his nautical days as experience and he attempted to bring over the demise of the optimist and the introduction of the pragmatist. Be that as it may, by the day's end, whatever feelings he had about the idea of vision and optimistic idea, despite everything structure a vital piece of him. Regardless of whether the peruser comprehends the general emanation of needing to accomplish something from his manifestations, yet Melville despite everything endeavored to be a business achievement and his focus on greatness in the field of composing proceeded. Theater

Clonidine as a Medication Choice for ADHD

Clonidine as a Medication Choice for ADHD ADHD Treatment Print Clonidine as a Medication Choice for ADHD By Jacqueline Sinfield facebook twitter Jacqueline Sinfield is an ADHD coach, and the author of Untapped Brilliance, How to Reach Your Full Potential As An Adult With ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Jacqueline Sinfield Medically reviewed by a board-certified physician Updated on January 04, 2020 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Liderina/iStock In This Article Table of Contents Expand Stimulants vs. Non-Stimulants   How Stimulants Work How Clonidine Works Benefits Drawbacks Forms and Dosage Precautions View All Catapres (clonidine) is a medication that was originally approved to treat people with high blood pressure. However, because of the calming effect it has on the body, clonidine has been found to help people with ADHD symptoms like hyperactivity, impulsivity, aggression, overarousal, and sleep difficulties. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Kapvay, the extended-release version of clonidine, as a medication for children with ADHD ages six and up to be taken either alone or along with stimulant medication.?? Stimulants vs. Non-Stimulants   ADHD medications are generally categorized as either stimulants or non-stimulants. Clonidine, which is part of the class of drugs known as centrally acting alpha-agonist hypotensive agents, is considered a non-stimulant treatment for ADHD. Stimulants, also called psychostimulants, are  generally the first line, or choice, of medications used to treat ADHD.  Theyre the most prescribed ADHD medications because theyre known to be the most effective way to reduce ADHD symptoms like impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattentiveness. There are two types of stimulants:  amphetamine types like Adderall, Vyvanse, and Dexedrine, and methylphenidates like Ritalin, Concerta, and Methylin. Non-stimulant medications are usually prescribed if you cant tolerate stimulant medication because of severe side effects or when a health reason prevents you from being able to take a stimulant, such as having certain psychiatric disorders, sleep disorders, cardiovascular disease, or a history of stimulant abuse. Strattera (atomoxetine), the antidepressant medication Wellbutrin (bupropion), and the antihypertensive drug Intuniv (guanfacine) are examples of other non-stimulant medications. How Stimulants Work Stimulant ADHD medications work by causing more  dopamine and norepinephrine to be available  in the synapses of the brain.??  This increase stimulates the central nervous system and improves cognitive functioning, such as attaining information and understanding ideas. Because the nervous system is stimulated, some people report feeling jittery, anxious and on edge when they take a stimulant medication. How Clonidine Works Clonidine works differently.  Instead, it causes your brain to send signals to your blood vessels to relax them, lowering your blood pressure.  In addition, clonidine releases norepinephrine into the prefrontal cortex area of your brain. This is the place where your brain’s executive functions occur, such as planning, organizing, and using information and experiences. These effects allow you to be calm physically, yet focused mentally. Benefits The benefits of clonidine include the following: It can boost the effects of stimulants. Clonidine can be prescribed in addition to a stimulant medication, which often enhances the effectiveness of the stimulant.Theres no appetite effect. Clonidine is appetite neutral, which means it doesnt increase or decrease appetite. In contrast, when you take a stimulant, your appetite is often suppressed, which can be a problem for people who are already underweight.Studies show that its effective for kids. A meta-analysis of 73 studies looked at the efficacy of six different ADHD medications for kids who are 6 to 18 years old.?? Among the three non-stimulants included (Wellbutrin was ultimately left out due to lack of evidence), clonidine was found to be the most effective and the most tolerable when compared with atomoxetine and extended-release guanfacine.It reduces anxiety. People who have ADHD often experience anxiety as well. Medication from the benzodiazepine family, such as Xanax (alprazolam) or Valium (diazepam), is often prescribed for anxiety. However, these are considered habit-forming and can negatively affect cognitive functions like attention.  For this reason, clonidine is often prescribed to help people with ADHD who have anxiety.It helps with sleep difficulties. Sleep problems are another issue many people with ADHD face. A potentially positive effect of taking clonidine is that it can help improve your sleep. In fact, some doctors prescribe a low dose of clonidine off-label (this means using an FDA-approved drug for an unapproved use) to help with sleep.Its not addictive. While traditional benzodiazepine  sleeping medications might be avoided because they can be habit-forming, clonidine is not considered to be addictive.It reduces blood pressure. If you have ADHD and high blood pressure, clonidine may be a good choice for you because it will help reduce your blood pressure as it also treats your ADHD symptoms.Its also used to treat Tourette syndrome and tic disorders. If you have Tourette syndrome and ADHD, clonidine can help the symptoms of both. A combination of clonidine and a stimulant medication can also be helpful for a tic disorder. Drawbacks The disadvantages of clonidine include:?? ? It doesnt help all ADHD presentations. Clonidine helps hyperactivity, impulsivity, aggression, overarousal, and sleep difficulties. However, it hasnt been found to be as  helpful for inattentive symptoms of ADHD.Theres little research on how it works in adults with ADHD. Studies have shown that clonidine can help ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents, but clonidine is not typically prescribed for adult ADHD.?? This could be because the symptoms that clonidine helps the most, such as aggression, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, often diminish in adulthood.Its less effective than stimulants. Clonidine isnt as effective as stimulant medications for treating ADHD symptoms. However, its effects are significant enough for the FDA to approve its use for ADHD.It may cause brain fog. Rather than increasing the ability to focus, some people find clonidine reduces their focus or causes brain fog. Problems with the ability to focus can be temporary as your body adjusts to the clonidine. Howev er, some people find this problem continues.It can make you tired. While sleeping better at night can be a positive benefit of taking clonidine, some people feel fatigued or sedated during the daytime too. This can have negative effects on school or work performance. Sometimes, the sleepiness decreases with time. This is an important side effect that your doctor should be made aware of, as it has the potential to be dangerous if you drive a vehicle or operate machinery.Erectile dysfunction is a potential side effect. A drawback for men taking clonidine is erectile dysfunction (ED). Even though you might feel a little embarrassed to talk to your doctor about ED, he or she will be aware that this is a possible side effect and will want to help you resolve the issue. Forms and Dosage When clonidine is first prescribed, its usually at the lowest dose. This may be 0.05 to 0.1 milligrams to start.  Working with a doctor, the dose is gradually increased until the effective (therapeutic) dose is found. Catapres tablets come in 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 milligrams. Kapvay is the extended-release version thats approved to treat ADHD and its available in 0.1 and 0.2 milligrams. Clonidine is also available in patches, which last seven days. Theyre a good option if you tend to forget to take medication or you dont like swallowing tablets. Once the therapeutic dose has been found using tablets, using a clonidine patch is an option. It may take a few weeks to see the full effects of clonidine on ADHD symptoms, but you may see some improvement sooner. Common Side Effects of Clonidine FatigueHeadacheDizzinessDry mouthIrritabilityUpper abdominal painBehavior problemsLow blood pressureNauseaVomitingConstipationErectile dysfunction These side effects often go away after youve taken the medication for a while, but if they dont or theyre bothersome, talk to your doctor. Rare, But Serious, Side Effects Irregular heartbeatSlow heart rateHallucinationsSwelling anywhere in the bodyDifficulty breathingHoarsenessRashHives If you experience these or any other unusual or persistent side effects, contact your doctor as soon as possible. Precautions If you have a history of low blood pressure prior to taking clonidine, you may be more likely to feel dizziness, lightheadedness, and nausea when taking clonidine.?? Many people forget to take their medicationâ€"if you do, a double dose should not be taken, as this could lower your blood pressure too much. Its important that you dont stop taking clonidine abruptly, as this may  cause rebound high blood pressure. Instead, your dose should be decreased gradually. Your doctor can give you advice on the best tapering schedule. Clonidine is a category C medication. This means its a drug that may be unsafe for an unborn baby. Be sure to tell your doctor if youre pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant. A Word From Verywell While clonidine is not usually the first choice of medication for ADHD, it can be helpful for some people in treating ADHD symptoms, either alone or combined with another ADHD medication. If youre interested in clonidine as a treatment option, talk to your doctor. He or she will help decide if its the right choice for you.

Advanced Nursing Program Midwife - 275 Words

Advanced Nursing Program: Midwife (Essay Sample) Content: Advanced Nursing Program: MidwifeName:Institutional Affiliation:Advanced Nursing Program: MidwifeCoaching and mentoring should be a core competency of nurses prepared at graduate level. Coaching and mentoring is especially critical in my graduate specialization. Midwives are mandated with the task of providing guidance to pregnant women regarding how to act and what to do whilst pregnant (Mander Fleming, 2014). The teaching provided is endeavored at enabling the women to meet their most immediate of needs (Peate Hamilton, 2013). Quality coaching and mentoring avails quality holistic patient care of the women. It is thus a fundamental feature in midwifery. In developing the capacity of nurses, coaching and mentoring then have to be understood as being core competencies of nurses.In my advanced practicing role as a midwife, one coaching activity that would feature predominantly in my care undertakings entails coaching on blood pressure. I will be coaching women no how to keep their blood pressure normal. According to Ovesen Jensen (2012), abnormal blood pressure enhances the risk for complications during pregnancy. The need to coach women towards this regard has been motivated by the need to reduce the potential for the occurrence of complications during pregnancy. In equipping women with the requisite knowledge on how to reduce the risk of gestational hypertension, I will be able to ensure a safe and successful pregnancy.One mentoring activity that I might want to complete with a mentor, that would help me acclimate to my new advance practice role, is to have group therapy with pregnant woman to demonstrate how to maintain a positive health status. Group mentoring has been identified as being significantly potent in aiding in the adoption of healthy lifestyles (Lussier, 2015). To some extent, they are more effective than individual mentoring sessions. In such an environment, I will be able to learn, first hand, from my mentor on the most effec tive mentoring approach to employ when in a group setting. In such an environment, I will be able to acclimate to my new advance practice role.

My Experience At High School - 1012 Words

Throughout my life, I’ve experienced periods of time where my interest in an activity would peak. Sometimes it was a television show, other times a game, and, on rare occasions a class I had at school. When I first got to high school, I was unsure how it would shape me as I grew into an adult. Before going to my first day at high school though, I had my first day somewhere else: Millstone trails, where I would spend much of my next four years after school running for cross country practice. I had no idea what I was getting myself into. Joining the team had been an on the whim decision to obtain a P.E. credit while saving a block in my schedule for a class I could actually learn in and enjoy. I had never run at all before, much less the distances that were expected from me. What I truly never expected though was for that sport to have almost as big an influence on me as my entire high school education did. The summer before my sophomore year, my cross country coach issued a challenge to our team to prepare for next season. Each athlete on our team was challenged to run over 400 miles that summer for training. It certainly wouldn’t be easy, it equated out to running over four miles a day, but several athletes on our team took up the challenge, including myself. We had no idea what we had gotten ourselves into. By the end of the first week, nearly half of the athletes who had started had given up. I was ahead of pace, as the idea had excited me in the hopes that I couldShow MoreRelatedMy Experience In High School952 Words   |  4 Pages High school is a time where young minded teenagers are encouraged to explore their interests and what type of character they want to become when graduation rolls in. My high school experience was an interesting time with choices that have changed my life and some that I wish I could take back. Looking back at my high school career there were some moments where I made the correct choice and some that I wish didnt happen at all. A choice I made at the age of seventeen reminds me of how foolish andRead MoreMy High School Experience1016 Words   |  5 PagesHigh school is an educational and eye-opening place for adolescents and young adults, and is ultimately the last checkpoint some people have before they transition into the adult world. After high school, students are often expected to completely fend for themselves. The transition for many students is complicated and confusing. For this reason, one series of high school experiences I have had that stick out clearly in my mind as a step away from my childish behaviors to my more adult-like ones areRead MoreMy Experience At High School862 Words   |  4 PagesMy mom and I were driving home from my club volleyball practice when I broke down in tears due to stress. High school class registration was coming up and I still had no idea whether or not I wanted to do band or volleyball in high school. Being a 14 year old in 8th grade, I never thought that I would have to make such a colossal decision that would affect my life forever. I only had 2 more days to decide how I would present myself in the new world of high school popularity, and I had no idea whetherRead MoreMy High School Experience1060 Words   |  5 PagesHigh school can be a difficult journey in one’s life. Teenagers create drama, teachers stress out students with an abundance of homework, and sometimes procrastination defeats the high schoolers will to get work done. Despite all of that, high school is great; one must look at the little momen ts, the fun times, and the friends throughout. Arnold Spirit, Jr. had an atypical freshman year in Sherman Alexie’s novel â€Å"The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian,† and taught many lessons throughoutRead MoreMy Experience At High School991 Words   |  4 Pagesimprovement throughout my school experience. I’ve learned how to break a lot of bad studying habits I had in high school and taught myself how to become a better student with new studying mechanisms, time management, and how to balance all my classes out equally. Every semester is a new chance to improve on how to become a more successful student. High school were four years of my life that I had a lack of motivation to do school work, I didn’t put as much effort into learning. My studying habits wouldRead MoreMy Experience At High School849 Words   |  4 PagesThe experiences I have gained during these long four years of high school have shaped me into the young adult I am. I have had to learn many lessons about myself and friends. Many failures have had to be taken in stride, and I am glad to say that I overcome and dealt with them all in the name of evolution. Many of the hardest lessons I have had to learn about myself, I learned them in Terry High School. I was used to being able to excel easily, and this was not the case all of the time in my highRead MoreMy Experience At High School1296 Words   |  6 Pagesgraduated high school and I was still seventeen. I had applied to colleges throughout my senior year just to show my parents that I was doing it. I honestly had no idea what I wanted to do after high school, which was my first change. There are unlimited paths to take once you graduate high school, I did not know which one was for me. I had friends who all had a path they wanted to go down and accomplish, and most of them to this day are still on that path. As for me, I have changed my mind overRead MoreMy Experience At High School Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pages Suddenly my senior year of high school was coming to an end, and I found myself looking for a job for the summer. College cost increase every year and I knew that if I w anted extra spending money, I would have to contribute. Summer employment is a great way to earn extra money plus, I am a person who likes to stay busy, and I realized having a job during the break would help accomplish both. Having played multiple sports in high school, I was always doing something throughout my day and I knew IRead MoreMy Experience In High School1294 Words   |  6 PagesEach year of school you meet new people and experience new lessons. The school year comes with many hardships and downfalls, but it also comes with some good times. For me personally, freshman year was the not only the toughest year of school to get good grades, it also had some of my most traumatizing life experiences and lessons. Freshman year was not all bad though. For example, I met many new people that I cherish dearly in life and made solid relationships with new friends, teachers, andRead MoreMy Experience At High School1120 Words   |  5 PagesCurrently, my academic journey has bee n filled with very difficult trials and tests of my resilience. During high school, I was not very motivated or responsible when it came to academics. I did not believe in my intellectual capabilities and did not consider college as an option for me. None of my friends or family had been to college; so I did not see it as a likely avenue for me as well. In my experience, graduating high school was a major accomplishment within my family and nothing more was expected

Business - Customer Service Unit 2 Task 1 - 2085 Words

Unit 2 Task 1 Costumer Service Introduction In this task I will be looking at costumer service and the affects it has on businesses. I will be looking into the Morrison’s organisation who is the UK’s fourth largest food retailer with over 400 stores. There business is mainly food and grocery where costumers go for their weekly shop. Every week nine million customers pass through their doors and 132,000 colleagues across the business work hard each day to deliver great service to them. Morrison’s started in 1889 by William Morrison who started from a stall in a Bradford market came to the inspiration to innovate and lead the way in supermarket retailing. http://www.morrisons.co.uk/corporate/About-us/Company-history/ Customer†¦show more content†¦If a business didn’t have any costumers to buy there products or services then the business just wouldn’t survive. So this is why they have to give good costumer service so they can keep getting repeat business from the costumers. http://www.t oolingu.com/definition-900160-11811-external-customer.html Why is customer service important? Customer service is important because if it wasn’t put in place in any of the business out there then this will affect the businesses profit margins as well as their business image. This is why businesses need to meet the wants and needs of all their costumers as they are the ones that make your business work. If costumers didn’t buy any products or services then the business wouldn’t work as they wouldn’t make any profit. Methods that can be used to improve customer service A business can improve on customer service by training their members of staff to give good quality costumer service but the employee would have to find out the needs and wants of their costumers. An example In Morrisons for improved costumer service would be they train new employees before they start work in there new job so they will do all the relevant training to give good costumer service to their costumers so they would teach the staff to help the costumers out and this training process takes between 8-10 hours. Another exampleShow MoreRelatedNando`S Marketing Mix958 Words   |  4 PagesQuestion 1 1.1 (1) The cost varience report is a listing of allowable expenses compared with the actual expenses incurred. (2) The actual unit cost is the cost of producing a single products or unit measure of output or service. The budget unit cost is a plan or forecast, of a single unit measure of output or service. The conclusion is that the cost of goods and services is more expensive. (3) The cost variable report can assist you to select the right cost by giving you the list of allRead MoreCustomer Service Of Ocean Imports For Dhl Global Forwarding Canada1605 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In this paper we describe the steps followed to improve the Business Process of the critical core service of Ocean Imports for DHL Global Forwarding Canada. The main contribution in this paper is showing the study, modeling and analysis used to improve the business processes for the Ocean Imports department at DGF Global Forwarding Canada. The purpose of this modeling is not only to understand the business process that is used, but also to show the inconsistencies that were identifiedRead MoreUnit Of Competency : Certificate IIi1616 Words   |  7 Pages Assignment Assessment scale 1. I require considerable further development and experience in this area. 2. I require further development and experience in this area. 3. I have a sound level of skill in this area-and further development and experience would be available. 4. I am effective in this area. 5. I have a real strength in this area- and am able to coach and mentor others in this area. Unit of competency: Certificate III in Business Elements Performance criteria Self assessmentRead MoreEssay Risk Management in Information Technology Security795 Words   |  4 PagesSTUDENT COPY: Graded Assignments  © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -73- Change Date: 05/25/2011 Unit 1 Assignment 1: Application of Risk Management Techniques Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will be able to identify different risk management techniques for the seven domains of a typical IT infrastructure and apply them under different situations. Assignment Requirements Introduction: As discussed in this Unit, after IT professionals identify threat/vulnerabilityRead MoreEssay on Promotional Mix1255 Words   |  6 PagesUNIT 9: Creative Product Promotion You are on work experience with large marketing consultant and have been asked to investigate some marketing/promotion situations as part of a research project they are working on. Carry out the following tasks for them and present your research in a professional report Task 1 (P1) Describe the promotional mix used by two selected organisations for a selected product/service. Use a high street retailer of your choice and a business of your choice,Read MoreCase Study-KBR834 Words   |  4 Pagesorganized into six business units. This means there are numerous job roles in areas such as engineering, construction, operations, logistics and project management. The different roles can be organized within the structure of KBR to enable it to achieve its mission, which is to safely deliver any project, any time, in any environment for the benefit of our customers, shareholders, employees and the communities they serve. There are three means to organize a corporate and business unit structure for KBR:Read MoreTesco Plc And Public Limited Company1485 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Organisations Task 1: TESCO Plc (public limited company) is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer. It is the third largest retailer in the world measured by its profit, and its second measured by its revenue. TESCO Plc is owned by shareholders who fund the company. The general public can buy shares in the company and then become shareholders; this method allows TESCO to gain funds. The reason I would choose to locate TESCO in the new business park is becauseRead MorePromotional Activities Task Sheet795 Words   |  4 PagesApplied A2 level Business Vocational Unit 10 Unit Title PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES How you will be assessed | * You need to acquire core knowledge of how businesses combine promotional activities, such as advertising and personal selling, into a promotional mix and of how these choices are vital to the success of a promotional campaign. * You will need to consider how promotional activities are designed to alter customer attitudes, and investigate how the cost of promotional activitiesRead MoreIntroduction to Marketing890 Words   |  4 PagesAssignment brief – QCF BTECAssignment front sheet | Qualification | Unit number and title | BTEC Level 3 90 credit Diploma in Business | 3 Introduction to Marketing | Learner name | Assessor name | | Julie Flavell | Date issued | Hand in deadline | Submitted on | | | | | | Assignment title | Market Segmentation | In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidence against the following criteria. Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be foundRead MoreUnit 4835 Words   |  4 PagesEDEXCEL BTEC Level 3 Diploma in Business UNIT ASSIGNMENT | Unit Number | Unit Name | Credit value | 4 | Business Communication | 10 | Name of assignment | Investigation of Business Communication | Name of Assessor | Raghbir McGinley | Start date | Completion date | Duration of assignment | Part 1 04.02.13Part 2 11.03.13 | 25.02.1325.03.13 | 3 weeks3 weeks | Feedback date (A grade and actions for improvement will be given and recorded at this point. You

Online Dating And The Internet Essay - 1601 Words

At this day in age, technology gives us the opportunity to complete countless tasks through the internet. The internet allows us to obtain information within a matter of seconds, go shopping without having to leave the comfort of our own homes, and communicate with others instantly. Another popular thing the internet is used for is online dating. Online dating allows you to carefully choose who you would like to interact with. You are provided with all sorts of filters that you can use to determine what traits and qualities others possess before pursuing them. You are able to search for characteristics that matter to you and you have the ability to easily filter out the people who do not have what you are looking for. There are couples who were lucky enough to meet through mutual friends, high school, church, co-workers, neighbors, bars, and even parties. But for those less lucky ones who have yet to find a special someone through all of those social connections, and are unable to go on many adventures to meet new people due to busy schedules and responsibilities, online dating is a pretty good alternative. Online dating can provided you with access to many more potential partners that you otherwise wouldn’t cross paths with during your daily life. People have been using dating sites like Match.com, EHarmony, Tinder, and Plenty of Fish to meet other people who share the same interests as them. According to The Telegraph, Match.com is one of the most popular online datingShow MoreRelatedOnline Dating And The Internet944 Words   |  4 Pagesadvertisements for online dating. Online dating is communicating with others through the internet with the objective of beginning a romantic relationship. You can join the online dating community through websites or apps. It is very common for individuals to take part in this method of dating. While some experiences with the service conclude with happy endings, you can’t be guaranteed one. There are dangerous f actors when it comes to using online dating. The first online dating website was establishedRead MoreOnline Dating And The Internet Essay1130 Words   |  5 PagesThe Case The internet has become very popular since 1990, and it plays an important role in everyone’s life. People like to connect with their friends, family and society through social media like Facebook, Snapchat and Twitter. Many websites on the internet offer online dating or match making services. Despite being a relatively young industry, online dating has already become one of the most profitable types of business found on the internet. Online dating services now attract millions of usersRead MoreOnline Dating Vs. Internet Dating1574 Words   |  7 Pagesto understand married people going frequenting online dating sites. I now realize after Googling married people online dating that married people using online dating services is not only a very common practice, there appear to be online dating service that target married people looking for a date or more. Many married people are finding the temptation of online dating irritable. On e website is stating that 150,000 married p eople join online dating sites each month and these sites are doing thereRead MoreOnline Dating Vs. Internet1162 Words   |  5 PagesJessica Gardner Professor Minnis English 1D March 9, 2015 Online Dating Online dating is one of the most over-hyped and probably one of the worst places to find someone to have a romantic relationship with. But, with social networking becoming all the rage, online dating has become a huge phenomenon that has caught trend nationwide. In todays society it is considered the norm for human connections to be initiated by internet connections. We live in a century of emails, text messages, and FacebookRead MoreOnline Dating And Its Effects On The Internet Dating World1197 Words   |  5 PagesThe internet has flipped the world on traditional relationships, and has opened up to the emergence of online, social dating. These online dating site have change the way relationships interact, gossip, flirt and communicate. However, numerous people do not understand the deception and manipulation aspect that comes with online dating. Forming a passionate relationship over the internet under false pretense can be emotionally destructive. Several studies have been perfo rmed in an attempt to explainRead MoreThe Transformation of our Society Since the Internet: Online Dating1185 Words   |  5 Pages Imagine a world without internet. There would be no emails, no Facebook, no eBay, amongst other things. Even a simple task as booking a flight or a hotel would have to be done over the phone. To think about it†¦ life as we know it would just not be the same. This new day and age has brought us to a point where it’s possible to find virtually anything on the internet, even love. Yes, online dating has become the new revolutionary way of finding your soul mate (Houran, Lange, 2004)Read MoreOnline Dating Is More And More Convenient For A Lot Of People With The Internet1531 Words   |  7 PagesOnline dating Online dating is more and more convenient for a lot of people with the development of technology. So what is online dating? Online dating is a dating system which allows people to make contact and communicate with each other over the internet. More and more people feel lonely with increasing pressure from all sides. But we cannot always get rid of loneliness! No one to share the feelings of the most lonely, so every one of us is not necessarily lonely, but inevitably lonely! FortunatelyRead MoreOnline Dating : The Negative Side Of Finding Significant Others Over The Internet1596 Words   |  7 Pagesay, 2017 Online Dating: The Negative Side of Finding Significant Others Over the Internet Before the birth of technology and social media, people approached their significant others face-to face. They encountered their future wives or husbands at schools, malls, markets, libraries or at any physical places. Everyone came to know others by recognizing their real faces, hearing their real voice, and understanding their real personalities. However, as the trend of using technological devicesRead MoreThe Online Dating Guide : Moving From Internet Chat For Real Life Love760 Words   |  4 PagesThe Online Dating Guide - Moving From Internet Chat to Real Life Love By Catherine R King | Submitted On January 27, 2014 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Catherine R King Of course, justRead MoreHow The Internet Has Become A Major Vehicle For Social Interactions1187 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The Internet has become a major vehicle for social encounters in the last two decades. Through the Internet, people can interact over greater distances in a shorter period and at less expense than in the past. Since the evolution of the Internet, there is less face-to-face interaction and more communication via text messages, emails, and online chatting. This social stigma is up for much debate on how it relates to the progression in romantic relationships. This literature review focuses

Why Gay Marriage Is Wrong for Georgia - 990 Words

Georgia and the southern United States of America has historically has always supported a Christian society. Many people in Georgia today, still believe in a Christian society to where people follow god’s word of the bible and will furthermore try to emulate as much of this lifestyle as possible. However, going by these belief systems and knowing that Georgia is predominantly a Christian state, gay marriage simply does not fit into our southern lifestyle here in Georgia. Georgians should not support gay marriage in this state because it violates the natural laws of the universe, it violates the word of god and his teachings in the bible, and it robs the children the opportunity to actually have a normal family life. Historically,†¦show more content†¦Gender roles is an issue that children identify with during there years in adolescence and let’s say for example that you are a male with two female parents, how do these women fill the role of raising a young ma n when they are both women. Men and women do not do the same activities growing up and raising child of the opposite gender would be incredibly difficult on the parents and the child due to the social stigma of having gay parents. Children need stability in their lives and by having parents that could not teach them a proper gender role; this would cause problems in Georgia if they decided to legalize gay marriage. Overall, children need a traditional family structure in order to be successful in life’s situations and furthermore Georgia needs to vote against this ideal due to the harm that it causes children. Although I can understand where an individual can argue when it comes to legalizing gay marriage, In the United States we are told that we are allowed to do whatever we want to do when it comes to selecting a partner in life. However, most of the population that lives in our state of Georgia has a Christian background and therefore the State should not make it legal h ere due to our conservatism. The argument may be that it is Un-American to not allow these people to be wed, but Georgia should not allow gay marriage because of its immoral influence on our society and how it disrupts the naturalShow MoreRelatedWhy Gay Marriage Should Be Banned in Georgia1100 Words   |  5 Pages Why Gay Marriage Should Be Banned in Georgia Georgia has always been a state where family values and community issues are important in our society. Many people who live in the southern United States have always been for conservative and or republican values. This typically involves a christan background, and therefore, the people of Georgia should not support gay marriage because most people are Christians. Also there is a code of natural law that must beRead More The Same Sex Marriage Debate Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesThe Same Sex Marriage Debate The controversial debate over whether same sex marriage should be legalized has gained a lot of attention in recent years and there are strong arguments for each side of the issue. There are many different factors that must be looked at when considering same-sex marriage. A marriage is not something that is just slapped on a piece of paper to show a couples love; it involves legal, social, economic, and spiritual issues. Throughout this essay, I intend to focusRead MoreHow Same Sex Marriage Affects Society1469 Words   |  6 PagesHow Same-Sex Marriage Affects Society â€Å"In the year of 1996, the Defense of Marriage Act became a federal law. The act restricted federal marriage benefits and inter-state marriage recognition to heterosexual couples only. Gay advocates have been lobbying to remove those restrictions and redefine marriage to include same sex and bisexual adults arguing that accepting gay marriage would not harm heterosexual marriage and that religious restrictions on marriage are biased† (English). â€Å"About 18,000Read MoreLegalize Gay Marriage Essay1495 Words   |  6 PagesSame-Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized Just about everyone has an opinion on legally allowing same-sex couples to marry. The arguments range from personal beliefs to what marriage is said to be in the Bible. Why should a couple be forbidden from showing each other along with family and friends that they are fully committed to each other? What place is it for the government to say that said couple is not allowed to commit to the one who truly makes you happy? Why should these people who are willingRead MoreLGBT Subculture Essay examples1428 Words   |  6 PagesPeople are taught not to judge others based on their race or religion, so why do they still discriminate against homosexuals? The homosexual subculture is not accepted by society, looked down upon, and misjudged; however, they are human beings and deserve to be treated equally. Religion is a major aspect on why society believes that homosexuality is wrong and should not be accepted. Individuals who are against the LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) community because of their religion believeRead MoreSame-Sex Marriage Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pagessame-sex couples should be allowed to legally marry. The arguments range from personal beliefs to what marriage is said to be in the Bible. Why should a couple be forbidden from showing each other along with family and friends that they are fully committed to each other? What place is it for the government to say that said couple is not allowed to commit to the one who truly makes you happy? Why should these people who are willing to be together for better or worse, in sickness and health, for richerRead MoreThe Moral Dilemma Of Sanctioning Same Sex Marriage1085 Words   |  5 PagesSanctioning Same Sex Marriage Wedding union is both conviction onlook and real obligation between two people, and moreover a complete enunciation of veneration. Of course, social unions between same sex couples are not saw by the administration due to the Obstruction of Marriage Act. Fundamentally, their regular right to be hitched is withheld from them. The Christian prevailing part s effect in government approach and lawmaking is one of the first inspiration driving why same-sex marriage has interminablyRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1123 Words   |  5 PagesThe Supreme Court’s decision to rule in favor of gay marriage was eye opening to me and made me dig deep for an honest opinion. While I do not necessarily agree with gay couples or gay marriage, I came to a fair conclusion. I am surprised it took this long to finally get this law passed since gay couples are no different from straight couples, and no one should be denied the right to marry. The backlash to this was very astonishing and disgu sting. All these couples want to do is love each otherRead MoreShould Same Sex Marriages Be Legal?1053 Words   |  5 Pagesarticulation of adoration. Then again, relational unions between same sex couples are not perceived by the government because of the Barrier of Marriage Act. Basically, their common right to be hitched is withheld from them. The Christian dominant part s impact in government approach and lawmaking is one of the first motivation behind why same-sex marriage has ceaselessly neglected to increase long haul acknowledgment in the United States (Michaels , 2004). Same-sex unions have go to the cuttingRead MoreCovering Information During the Civil Rights Movement1816 Words   |  7 Pagesworship due to fear of being banished from the church of criticized by members. Not all churches discriminate against homosexuality but many do because it is considered a sin in many religions such as Hinduism. All churches are allowed to have gay marriages take place but a pastor/priest is not require to perform them if they do not believe it is right. Many LGBT members feel that if they are to reveal their sexual identity to the church they will be condemned to hell so they hide who they are and

Differences between Men and Women Free Essays

Oftentimes, the difference between men and women is classified as two different cultures that can never be connected with each other. The statement that â€Å"men are from Mars and women are from Venus† had been the favorite phrase to define the difference between the two sexes. Aside from biological differences of men and women, there are also many distinctions that limit the two sexes to deeply understand each gender. We will write a custom essay sample on Differences between Men and Women or any similar topic only for you Order Now Apparently, the society has been living in a world with full of issues in masculinity and femininity. The physical difference between men and women has gone to many conclusions and argumentations that these two gender also have differences in characters and personalities. The men’s ego to achieve their goals by themselves as a symbol of competence and power has been recognized by the society even in the earlier centuries. The emotional detachment of men has been the first in the list of complains of women toward them. Masculinity has been defined as a sense of pride for the cluster of the society who provides the economic well being of the family. If women are known for their ability to talk about anything, men rarely talk about their problems and emotions. On the other hand, women are described based on all the exact opposites of the characteristics of men. Beauty, communication, love, and relationships are only few of the things that women value too much. If men are emotionally detached, the quality of relationships reflects the feelings and emotional side of women. Men’s great concern is the financial status; however women concern more on physical attractiveness and the quality of relationship that they would invest with their loved ones. For men, money and career reflects their masculinity, women viewed these issues as rejection of men to them and their relationships with women. The greatest challenge for women’s lives is to maintain their sense of self while expanding out to serve the needs of other people. This role of women makes this gender good mothers, partners, and peers. The care for others is the strongest trait of female. Men, on the other hand, tend to act, think, and feel in a way that expresses themselves as the primary and the other people as secondary only. (Evatt 16) In Deborah Tannen’s Genderlect Styles Theory, she states that â€Å"male and female conversation is a cross-cultural communication†. According to her, men are focused on status while women are focused on connection. This two different perceptions drive men and women apart and most of the time causes conflicts for both gender. Tannen suggests that men and women are from diverse cultures that cannot understand each other. In order to understand the theory better, Tannen gives five major areas to explain the difference between men and women. In her theory, she explains that men and women deal with things differently. Men tend to defend their masculinity in public and always aim to win the conversation but appear to be uncomfortable in speaking in private. Disclosure of feelings would take a long time for men, and women oftentimes initiate the disclosure. In contrast, women are reserved in public but more comfortable in intimate settings. (â€Å"Communication Theory†, 2008) In telling a story, men would narrate a story wherein they are the hero, but women would rather tell a story about other people. In some instance, men would tell a joke but women would narrate a story wherein they act foolish and let them put themselves on the level of the listeners. In other words, women always consider other people while men focus on themselves alone. Even in private conversation, the way men and women deal with the situation. Active listening and cooperative overlapping are women’s way to treat the speaker so as to encourage and agree with that person. Men oftentimes regard an interruption to have power over the speaker in the conversation. Men use silence as a weapon and power over the people that they are communicating with. Moreover, women ask questions to build a rapport or connection but men would refuse to ask for other people’s help because they consider asking as a form of verbal sparing. Women consider conflicts as threat to relationships, however men consider them as normal scene in the world that is full of competition. Gender differences have become a discourse between men and women. The idea that men are fundamentally different from women has become an important thought for the society that recognizes the all the gender issues. These differences have brought the two genders to two different planets that can never be merged into one. The society has formed a vast gender gap because of the stereotype judgment that men often seek for power while women always seek for connection. In most aspects, men and women are considered as fundamentally different from each other. Apparently, the stereotype judgment toward each gender has passed from generation to generation. However, this gender issues, according to genderlect styles theory can be resolved if the two different genders would try to understand each others language. The differences are human nature of both sexes and those can be understood if they are willing to learn each others’ characteristics. Oftentimes, social and political factors are neglected in analyzing why men often seek for power and women always care for others. Caring for others has been a connotation for women, but the society sometimes overlooks the effort that men do for other people too. The gender distinctions have grown to be a societal conflict and apparently gave men and women names to be acted upon. The typecasting has been the society’s basis to address a gender and assess the personality only based on what the culture has formed toward both sexes. The other factors in the society provide an underlying explanation why men and women act and talk the way they do. The power that has been associated for men is sometimes the goal of women for competing in the male and female society. The people often recognize the boundary between the two sexes but fail to search for the possible solutions to overcome the gender distinctions. Apparently, the society fails to recognize the other factors that cause men and women to act like what they have expected that makes the gender conflicts bigger. The stereotype that women are oppressed because their only function is to provide domestic services for other people may also open their minds and awaken the society that this role of women give them a total independence because they could work for other that make them whole as women. Perhaps men have found the happiness through achievements in the world of competition and would learn respect for the neglected dimensions of caring for others and concern for their partners. Women may have found ways to celebrate their femininity by caring for others and building a rapport for a quality relationship while men have found ways to guard their masculinity by having constant achievements and providing economic well being for their families. As a whole, men and women have differences that cannot be understood by the minds that have a strong belief about the incurable gender distinctions. However, these differences can also create a perfect connection instead of gap that provides a wall between the two sexes. Apparently, men and women have created with special tasks to perform and these fundamental differences are possessed in order to perfectly play their roles in this world. Languages and cultures can be learned as well as the gender distinctions that have been a societal issue in the world that is full of stereotype and typecasting. How to cite Differences between Men and Women, Papers

Fair Value Accounting and the Regulation of Corporate Reporting

Question: Discuss a critical review of carmen giorgiana bonaci and jiri strouhal, 2011, fair value accounting and the regulation of corporate reporting? Answer: Critical Review of Article Fair value accounting and is implication in the financial reporting regulation is a debated topic in recent days. In making financial and investment decision, fair value accounting has a significant contribution (Anagnostopoulos and Buckland, 2005). In this accounting practice market price of asset and liability is considered instead of historical cost for enhancing the relevance of the accounting information (Lu and Mande, 2014). According to Okamoto (2014), fair value accounting seems to be extremely rational and efficient concept in accounting and financial reporting (Okamoto, 2014). However, it has been reported that implementation of fair value accounting has encountered several issues which affected the decision making process of the investors (McEnally, 2007). According to Ohlson et al. (2010), in fair value accounting the subjective assumptions related to risk, transaction cost, and performance of the counterparty are found to be fundamentally inconsistent with the acceptable standards. Some studies have blamed fair value accounting for enhancing the negative impact of financial crisis (Sun, 2010). As various studies have expressed different views regarding fair value accounting, Bonaci and Strouhal (2011) had conducted a research study for exploring the implication of fair value accounting and the regulation of corporate reporting (Hodder, 2013). Bonaci and Strouhal (2011) have adopted qualitative research method for reaching firm conclusion regarding the chosen topic. The authors of Fair Value Accounting and the Regulation of Corporate Reporting has conducted a literature review for analyzing the findings of past research studies of relevant topic. The paper has considered wide range of literature for substantiating the principal arguments of this paper. Hence, it can be stated that the findings of the research paper can be validated through relevant academic papers and articles. The authors of the paper has clearly identified the issues regarding the standard setting procedure in accounting by the governing bodies and focused on exploring the role of fair value accounting in reporting standards (McEnally, 2007). After the recent financial disruption has received, the debate regarding fair value has received greater attention and it is the background of the study conducted by Bonaci and Strouhal (2011). In this paper, the issue of Abacus has been considered which has produced information regarding fair value and its conceptual framework (Whittington, 2008). The author has clearly argued that the concept of fair value accounting is consistent with the requirements of the shareholders regarding stewardship (Bradbury, 2008; Hitz, 2007). On the basis of gathered data Bonaci and Strouhal (2011) have argued that fair value accounting has significant limitations and it has negative impact on the reporting standards which mislead the users of the financial informatio n This can be supported by studies of various research scholars. However, the authors of this paper have focused on considering the most suitable way to deal with the situation for giving it an air trial (Bushman and Landsman, 2010). In order to establish this argument, Bonaci and Strouhal (2011) have presented the example of Abacus and it has shifted the debate of fair value towards higher recognition of the basic implication for the market as well as organizations. This study has extensively supported the positive implications of the fair value accounting practices. But, there are some other studies which have critically discussed the shortcomings of fair value approach (Fair value from the Romanian reality perspective, 2011). However, in many cases the authors have failed to identify as well as discuss the major and specific limitations of the fair value. Some studies have left a scope for ambiguity regarding the major implications of the fair value accounting. According to Brad buy (2008), the appropriateness of the accounting approach varies with situation. It has been argued that sometimes consideration of the replacement cost seems to be an appropriate method for reporting (Gwilliam and Jackson, 2008). On the other hand, deprival value and historical cost may seem relevant in some cases. The study conducted by Bonaci and Strouhal (2011) has not been able to draw clear conclusion regarding the role of fair value accounting in the global financial crisis (de Jager, 2014). There is a debate regarding the influence of fair value accounting in the global financial crisis. According to (Benston 2008), fair value accounting has estimated the assets and liabilities in the market price at the time of economic downturn (Magnan, 2009). Consequently, the value of the assets and liabilities declined. It forced the financial institutions to sell out the assets for maintaining the solvency ratio (Markarian, 2009). Hence, it has been argued that fair value accounting has exacerbated the financial crisis across the world. On the other hand, some researchers have argued that fair value accounting so not have direct influence in enhancing the negative impact of the financial crisis. According to Barth and Landsman (2010), the perceived pro-cyclicality of fair value accounting is not re sponsible for enhancing the severity of the financial crisis of 2007 - 2008. Moreover, the studies conducted by Laux and Leuz (2010) has supported this argument and stated that fair value accounting cannot be blamed for the global financial crisis. In this paper, Bonaci and Strouhal (2011) have included the perspective of the researcher who had emphasized on the negative role played by the fair value accounting approach during the global financial crisis. The findings of the study conducted by Andr et al., (2009) has been presented for justifying the influence of fair value accounting in the global financial crisis. Again, the authors have considered the view of Veron (2008), who has argued that fair value accounting cannot be considered as the triggering factor for amplifying the impact of the global financial crisis (Patel, 2012). Bonaci and Strouhal (2011) has been able to present an unbiased point of view where both the perspective has been considered for evaluating the role of fair value accounting in financial crisis. However, the authors have not been able to make clear conclusion regarding the role of financial crisis. This paper has also considered the political implication of the fair value accounting. This paper has indentified that it is important to consider the political implication so that it does not interfere in designing as well as implementing the appropriate conceptual framework and accounting standard for preparing the financial report (Osisioma, Okoye and Ijeoma, 2014). It is truly stated in the paper that IAS 39 was questioned even prior to the financial crisis (Ronen, 2008). However, it must be noted that the authors have not explored the major implications of the accounting standards and fair value accounting. There is a future scope for discussing the financial instruments of IFRS 9 which classify and measure the financial assets after taking the decision to replace IAS 39 (Swamy and Vijayalakshmi, 2012). Analyzing the paper, it can be concluded that the paper has presented a clear and unbiased perspective regarding the implication of fair value accounting. It is evident that the researchers have considered large range of literature and considered findings of those for constructing the qualitative study. The study has been based on the vigorous debate regarding the implication of fair value accounting in financial reporting system. The study has been able to provide significant insight to the major advantages as well as disadvantages of considering fair value accounting (Goh et al., 2015). This study have created further scope for research in evaluating the role of fair value accounting in global financial crisis and the aspects of financial instruments of IFRS 9 in order to classify as well as estimate the financial assets. But, the study has not been successful in making firm position regarding the role of fair value accounting during global financial crisis. In this paper, the auth ors could have adopted systematic research approach that would help in structuring the discussion in a better way. Quantitative method could be adopted for analyzing the major findings of the study and summarizing those for reaching firm conclusion at the end of the study. Reviewing different literatures the authors have just presented different perspectives and drawn a vague conclusion. References Anagnostopoulos, Y. and Buckland, R. (2005). Historical cost versus fair value accounting in banking: Implications for supervision, provisioning, financial reporting and market discipline.Journal of Banking Regulation, 6(2), pp.109-127. Andr, P., Cazavan-Jeny, A., Dick, W., Richard, C. and Walton, P. (2009). Fair Value Accounting and the Banking Crisis in 2008: Shooting the Messenger.Accounting in Europe, 6(1), pp.3-24. Barth, M. and Landsman, W. (2010). How did Financial Reporting Contribute to the Financial Crisis?.European Accounting Review, 19(3), pp.399-423. Benston, G. (2008). The shortcomings of fair-value accounting described in SFAS 157.Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 27(2), pp.101-114. Bonaci, C. and Strouhal, J. (2011).FAIR VALUE ACCOUNTING AND THE REGULATION OF CORPORATE REPORTING. ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT (16). Kaunas University of Technology. Bradbury, M. (2008). Discussion of Whittington.Abacus, 44(2), pp.169-180. Bushman, R. and Landsman, W. (2010). The pros and cons of regulating corporate reporting: A critical review of the arguments.Accounting and Business Research, 40(3), pp.259-273. de Jager, P. (2014). Fair value accounting, fragile bank balance sheets and crisis: A model.Accounting, Organizations and Society, 39(2), pp.97-116. Fair value from the Romanian reality perspective. (2011).International Journal of Accounting Information Management, 19(2). Goh, B., Li, D., Ng, J. and Ow Yong, K. (2015). Market pricing of banks fair value assets reported under SFAS 157 since the 2008 financial crisis.Journal of Accounting and Public Policy. Gwilliam, D. and Jackson, R. (2008). Fair value in financial reporting: Problems and pitfalls in practice.Accounting Forum, 32(3), pp.240-259. Hitz, J. (2007). The Decision Usefulness of Fair Value Accounting A Theoretical Perspective.European Accounting Review, 16(2), pp.323-362. Hodder, L. (2013). Fair Value Measurement in Financial Reporting.FNT in Accounting, 8(3-4), pp.143-270. Lu, H. and Mande, V. (2014). Does disaggregation of fair value information increase the value relevance of the fair value hierarchy?.Research in Accounting Regulation, 26(1), pp.90-97. Magnan, M. (2009). Fair Value Accounting and the Financial Crisis: Messenger or Contributor?.Accounting Perspectives, 8(3), pp.189-213. Markarian, G. (2009). The Routledge Companion to Fair Value and Financial Reporting.European Accounting Review, 18(3), pp.645-648. McEnally, R. (2007). Fair Value Financial Reporting: An Investor Perspective, Part 2.CFA Magazine, 18(3), pp.28-30. Ohlson, J., Penman, S., Bloomfield, R., Christensen, T., Colson, R., Jamal, K., Moehrle, S., Previts, G., Stober, T., Sunder, S. and Watts, R. (2010). A Framework for Financial Reporting Standards: Issues and a Suggested Model.Accounting Horizons, 24(3), pp.471-485. Okamoto, N. (2014). Fair value accounting from a distributed cognition perspective.Accounting Forum, 38(3), pp.170-183. Okamoto, N. (2014). Fair value accounting from a distributed cognition perspective.Accounting Forum, 38(3), pp.170-183. Osisioma, B., Okoye, E. and Ijeoma, B. (2014). A Model for Implementation of Fair Value Accounting in Corporate Financial Reporting.SOP Transactions on Economic Research, 1(2), pp.10-34. Patel, C. (2012). A Convenient Scapegoat: Fair Value Accounting by Commercial Banks during the Financial Crisis.CFA Digest, 42(3), pp.80-82. Ronen, J. (2008). To Fair Value or Not to Fair Value: A Broader Perspective.Abacus, 44(2), pp.181-208. Sun, S. (2010). Perspective on Fair Value Measurement.ASS, 6(3). Swamy, V. and Vijayalakshmi, N. (2012). Fair value accounting in banking - issues in convergence to IFRS.African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 1(3), p.270. Vron, N. (2008). Fair Value Accounting is the Wrong Scapegoat for this Crisis.Accounting in Europe, 5(2), pp.63-69. Vron, N. (2008). Fair Value Accounting is the Wrong Scapegoat for this Crisis.Accounting in Europe, 5(2), pp.63-69. Whittington, G. (2008). Fair Value and the IASB/FASB Conceptual Framework Project: An Alternative View.Abacus, 44(2), pp.139-168. Laux, C. and Leuz, C. (2010). Did Fair-Value Accounting Contribute to the Financial Crisis?.Journal of Economic Perspectives, 24(1), pp.93-118. Okamoto, N. (2014). Fair value accounting from a distributed cognition perspective.Accounting Forum, 38(3), pp.170-183.

The Effectiveness of Hip Hop in Urban Teacher Education free essay sample

This study draws from a qualitative study of ten Black male K-12 teachers from the Hip Hop Generation who are closely connected to Hip Hop culture and have been effective in addressing the academic and social needs of Black boys. Through an analysis of their social, educational and cultural experiences, this study highlights two organizing principles drawn from Hip Hop Culture-?(a) Call to Service (b) Resistance to Social Injustice-?which profoundly shaped the teaching Identities of these Black men.In the study It discusses the Implications of these principles for nationalizing and creating teaching and learning environments that are supportive for Black male teachers and increase the capacity of all teachers to effectively teach diverse student populations. Introduction The purpose of this study Is to conduct an exploratory research class assignment about Hip-hop. The full title of my research is The Effectiveness of Hip Hop in urban Teacher Education; I chose this topic because I h ave observed firsthand how Hip Hop can be used in the classroom. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effectiveness of Hip Hop in Urban Teacher Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hip Hop has become a major tool to use in urban education, particularly as it pertains to training teachers. The idea of using meeting In popular culture for the sake of support instruction Is not new to teacher education. Nevertheless, the academic challenges urban education especially Black male students has made It a necessity to try and recruit more Black men into the teaching field. The feeling is that Blackman can be a great asset in education and can excel in teaching in diverse student population.One response to these feelings has been an increasing focus on Hip Hop and its potential in helping to teach diverse students in an urban setting (Stalls, 2006). Since the origin of Hip Hop more than 40 years ago, it has been demonic and modestly In the field of education and In basic US. Society altogether. It has been described as greatly masculine, sexual, and known to influence criminal behavior. It has been said to promote the lack of personal and academic growth and development of urban youth.Now these are the ideas of the old folks, but Hip Hop has been commodities and sold to young people of all background by the media and entertainment industry, and it has been packaged as an instructional tool for One thing that we can determine as it pertains to teaching and fact would be thats its a calling, everyone cant teach. The statement that teaching is a calling speaks to the heart of the teacher and it address a caring yielding positive socio- emotional outcomes for students of color are motivated by the connection the teacher has towards that student.It is very much factual that the type of momentum that will be needed to attract and sustain teachers in an urban will require teachers that have teaching as a calling and not Just as a profession. The participants in this study believe that as educators, Black men play a big role in helping Black man youth overcome the challenges they face in urban schools as ell as urban communities. In teaching urban students, it is very important to know that there is no magical curriculum: there is no magical school building. The magic is in you, the people (Bridges, 2009, p. 175) Literature Review 1. Oakum, A. A. (2009). Critical hip hop pedagogy as a form of liberator praxis. Equity Excellence in Education, 42 (1), 52-66. From Oakums article I gain a better understand of what hip-hop really is, and what it means to people. For my methodology its best to understand what hip-hop is before trying to abstract mainstream and alternative as subcultures. Without a basic foundation of understanding on a subject it would hard to build and generate new information to support it.Oakums writings also dwell on teaching with hip-hop from a critical standpoint. Some of the subject terms in the teaching are equality and racism. I find out if these terms also appear in the subcultures of hip-hop, mainly mainstream and alternative hip-hop. 2. Forman, M. (1995). Media from and cultural space: negotiating rap fanzines. Journal of Popular Culture, 29 (2), 171-188. Formants article in Journal of popular culture covers the wealth of rap and hip-hop financially. Forman gives examples of way hip-hop music grosses large sums of money without mainstream acceptance.The article goes on to talk about how teenagers boast much of the revenue brought in by hip-hop music and paraphernalia, coining the term a youth culture. Overall, the article describes rap and hip-hop as being dominate fixtures in the cultural economy. Leaders of this hip-hop cultural influence Forman noted from 1995 are Biz Marie, Heavy D, and Public Enemy. In my opinion the cultural status-crow has changed, and mainstream industries no longer ignores but embraces rap and hip-hop music. . Keno, M. (2000). Under ground: what does it really mean anyway;ay?Billboard, 112 (14), 38. This article helps me to better understand what separates underground/alternative hip-hop from the so called mainstream. Keno writes that hip-hop was once all an underground genre. Hip-hop gained mainstream popularity when the hip-hop industry started making millions, along with controversial and rebellious groups such as NNW. With input from Chris Schwartz (CEO of Ruff nation) the article points at a new underground that doesnt always involve the millions of dollars and political controversies.Keno highlights mainstream as having more noise and less music and lacking traditional hip-hop values. One aspect of traditional values is being that the artist is more available to his/her listeners through personal appearances and live performances. 4. Marsh, P. K. (2010). Our generation is opening its eyes: hip-hop and youth identity in contemporary Mongolia. Central Asian Survey, 29 (3), 345-358. From Peter Marshs reaches. Marsh explains how Mongolia is gaining a new cultural identity through popular music. He states that hip-hop is gaining influence in post-socialisticMongolia, but is it mainstream or alternative hip-hop whose long arm reaches half- way across the world to uplift this new Mongolia generation. In the article Marsh gives input from local Mongolia rap artist that tell how hip-hop has inspired them and in return inspired their nation from their rebellious bad boy lyrics. Nevertheless, hip-hop (a form of music that was once smuggled into the country), is now changing the course of the Mongolia politically and socially. Methodology When thinking about the current context of urban education and the national initiative to increase the numbers of Black man teachers in U.S. Public schools, it is an opportune time for teacher education to capitalize on the relationship between Black men, urban youth, and Hip Hop culture. This study draws from a qualitative study of 25 Black male K-12 teachers from the Hip Hop Generation who are closely connected to the Hip Hop culture. They all have a good success rate when addressing the social and academic needs of Black boys. By using an analysis of their social, educational and cultural experiences, this study highlights two organizing principles drawn from Hip Hop culture.A call to service, and a resistance to Hip Hop injustice which shapes the teachers identities of these Black men educators (Lynn, 1999). My interest in re-conceptualizing Hip Hop and re-imaging Black men as conduits for reformation in urban teacher education undergrads the fundamental belief in their collective capacities to encourage urban youth to make meaning of, and more unity engage in, their educational Journeys where creating classroom contexts that normalize their orientations towards service to humanity, self-awareness, social justice, and community activism.Therefore, the two organizing principals of Hip Hop discussed in this art not only frame the pedagogical orientations of the Black male teachers in this study, but they also rep resent principals that should be used to support the intellectual, social, and personal development of urban youth. Three scholars who Vive referenced in my research are Oakum A, Forman A, and Keno M. From Oakums article I gain a better understand of what hip-hop really is, and what it means to people. For my methodology its best to understand what hip-hop is before trying to abstract mainstream and alternative as subcultures.Without a basic foundation of understanding on a subject it would hard to build and generate new information to support it. Oakums writings also dwell on teaching with hip-hop from a critical standpoint. Some of the subject terms in the teaching are equality and racism. I find out if these terms also appear in the subcultures of hip-hop, mainly mainstream and alternative hip-hop. Formants article in Journal of popular culture covers the wealth of rap and hip-hop financially. Forman gives examples of way hip- hop music grosses large sums of money without mainstream acceptance. The article goes on to talk about how teenagers boast much of the revenue brought in by hip- hop music and paraphernalia, coining the term a youth culture. Overall, the article describes rap and hip-hop as being dominate fixtures in the cultural economy. Leaders of this hip-hop cultural influence Forman noted from 1995 are NNW, Chuck D, and KIRKS-I . In my opinion the cultural status-crow has changed, and mainstream acceptance, an educator can move strategies from Hip Hop into the classroom instruction.Kenos article helps me to better understand what separates underground/alternative hip-hop from the so called mainstream. Keno writes that IP-hop was once all an underground genre. Hip-hop gained mainstream popularity when the hip-hop industry started making millions, along with controversial and rebellious groups such as NNW. With input from Chris Schwartz (CEO of Ruff nation) the article points at a new underground that doesnt always involve the millions of dollars and political controversies. Keno highlights mainstream as having more noise and less music and lacking traditional hip-hop values.One aspect of traditional values is being that the artist is more available to his/her listeners through personal appearances and live performances The design that Vive chosen for y research is content analysis because my topic mostly consists of opinion based research from scholars and experts from a specific field or industry. I will not be performing in-depth interviews or surveys because my research deals with the analyzing of music content rather than statistical information. The types of questions that I would utilize in my research are; what are the key differences that separate mainstream hip-hop from alternative.The only samplings that will be used in my research are the articles that I review that have i n-depth research on my topic. Also, to better explain and describe my topic I will utilize audio and video implications for each of the sub-genres in my topic. Expected Conclusion The goal of this study in understanding Hip Hop as grounded in principles services, self-awareness, and sociopolitical resistance, is to humanism, and elevate the experiences and cultural expression of Black men and American boys and throughout the world.The study sought to analyze Hip Hop as a framework that provides Black youth to engage in critical thinking about their lives. In the study, the voices of the part pants echoed the same thing, thats its imperative to attract Black en to the teaching profession and to make deeper and more meaningful connection with Black male students. The study gave suggested implication for establishing learning environment that are supportive for Black males teachers, and that in tell will increase the capacity of all teachers to teach effectively in an urban school setting.The first suggest implication deals with prospective teachers in an urban setting. Teachers education must move away from focusing greatly on standardized t est scores and college grade point average as a selection criterion for accepting prospective students into teaching programs. Instead there should be a calling for teacher who are deeply invested and closely connected to urban communities. Using test scores only as a recruitment measure, limits the search and give us limited access to those who may be the most affective at teaching urban youth.The next suggestion implication deals with recruitment of teachers in a school setting. Historically Black college and universities (Hubbubs), community college, and alternative certification programs would provide K-12 schools access to Black men who may have otherwise overlooked teaching as a viable profession. Organization such as Black fraternities and religious conferences attract Black men who may have otherwise overlooked teaching as a money making profession. Help with educating Black male youth.Same sex classroom, where Black men and boys can truly bond without the other sex to distract. One thing that has been proven overtime and that is boys are heavily influence by the presence of girls. A classroom where Black men engage in traditional curriculum and address the social and personal challenges they faces as a Black youth can be a discussion can cant be measured in value. Reference Oakum, A. A. (2009). Critical hip hop pedagogy as a form of liberator praxis. Equity Excellence in Education, 42 (1), 52-66. Boogie Down Productions. (1989).